![]() ![]() Procedure Tips for Getting Started: General Operation Positioning the Patient Each of these parts comprises several subcomponents (Figure 1):įigure 1 Slit Lamp Anatomy A. The standard slit lamp has four main parts: the base, the patient support frame, the illumination arm, and the viewing arm. Together, these contributions allowed physicians to perform a complete diagnostic examination with the aid of the slit lamp and perhaps more importantly, for the patient to remain comfortably seated for the duration of this exam. ![]() Later, David Volk developed lenses free from spherical aberrations for visualization of the fundus when placed in the slit lamp light path. Incidentally, Hans Goldmann also developed gonioscopy prisms, which permitted visualization of the iridocorneal angle. Apart from minor advances in illumination technology, such as the advent of LED light sources, these instruments are virtually identical to the modern day slit lamp. Goldmann’s parfocal slit lamps were produced by the Swiss manufacturer Haag Streit beginning in 1958 and became the first commercially available slit lamps. In the 1930s, the Swiss inventor and ophthalmologist Hans Goldmann refined the Gullstrand slit lamp, ensuring that the convergence point of the light beam would coincide with the focal point of the microscope. Gullstrand used his invention to advance research into the structure of the cornea and astigmatism. The predecessor of the modern slit lamp was developed in 1911 by the Swedish physicist and Nobel laureate Allvar Gullstrand in collaboration with Zeiss Optical Works. De Wecker designed the first Ophthalmomicropcope in 1863. Purkinje, in 1823 tried to develop a hand-held slit lamp by using one lamp to magnify the handheld lens with oblique illumination. This article provides an overview of the basic operation of the slit lamp for all health care providers, medical students, and residents. Although mastery of the slit lamp takes time, basic application to work-up common ocular complaints is a tractable goal for medical students, general practitioners, and emergency medicine providers alike. Slit lamps are commonly available in emergency departments, and this device is an invaluable tool for the diagnosis and evaluation of common ocular complaints, ocular emergencies, and systemic disease. However, this instrument should not be relegated to the specialist’s toolkit. The slit lamp is therefore a mainstay of the comprehensive eye examination, allowing optometrists and ophthalmologists to evaluate every anatomical compartment of the eye. A gonioscopic contact lens allows for visualization of iridocorneal angle. With the aid of hand-held lenses, the examiner can view the posterior segment as well. This unique instrument permits three-dimensional visualization and measurement of the fine anatomy of the adnexa and anterior segment of the eye. The slit lamp is a stereoscopic biomicroscope that emits a focused beam of light with variable height, width, and angle. 3.1 Tips for Getting Started: General Operationĭiagnostic Intervention Description/Overview. ![]()
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